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Carving, turtle

Proper left side. Photograph by Jennifer Day. Copyright 2007 School for Advanced Research.

Carving, turtle

Date: before 2006
Artist or Maker: Unknown
Dimensions:
Lid on: 7 × 5 × 3.8 cm (2 3/4 × 1 15/16 × 1 1/2 in.)
Lid off: 7 × 5 × 2.1 cm (2 3/4 × 1 15/16 × 13/16 in.)
Medium: stone
Credit Line: Bequest of Estelle Rebec; received at the Indian Arts Research Center in 2006.
Place Made:
Zuni Pueblo, McKinley County, New Mexico, Southwest, United States, North America
Object Number: SAR.2007-1-169
Not on view
DescriptionThis is a small container carved in the shape of a turtle. The bottom part of the container is carved from a varigated medium brown stone. The center of this stone is carved out, likely for the purpose of storing small items. The exterior of the lid is carved to look like the turtle's shell and is made from an orangish colored stone. A flat white stone is adhered to the underside of the orangish stone and is shaped to fit as a lid into the bottom stone (turtle's body). The details of the turtle are defined by incised lines, including the feet and eyes.
Tribal Collection Review RemarksJim Enote and Octavius Seowtewa during collection review visit Nov. 30 and Dec. 1, 2011 (Events Record “Collection Review: Zuni Tribe, Review 7”): The materials used are an unknown brown stone (turtle’s body), an unknown tan stone and an unknown white stone (turtle’s shell). The white stone is on the underside of the tan stone and is carved so that it fits onto the turtle’s body as a lid. The Zuni word for turtle is edo:wa.

Though small carvings such as this, usually depicting an animal, are frequently referred to as “fetishes,” it is important to note that they are not true fetishes. True fetishes are made and used specifically for spiritual or ceremonial purposes and uses. This type of item, however, is made specifically for sale. It is more appropriate to refer to commercially-made figures of this type as “carvings.”

Carvings produced for commercial purposes depict a wide variety of animals, but there are only six animal depictions that can become true fetishes. They are animals that are associated with the six directions, which are each associated with a particular color. The six animals should be carved from a stone that is the color of the associated direction. The six animals and their corresponding directions/colors are: Mountain Lion-North-Yellow; Bear-West-Blue; Badger-South-Red; Wolf-East-White; Eagle-Sky (Up)-Multi-color; Mole or Shrew-Underworld (Below)-Black. Any of these six animal carvings can become a true fetish, IF it is given a spiritual life by certain Zuni religious leaders. These fetishes would be used by Zuni people for protection, and by Zuni hunters, depending on which animal is chosen for the fetish, for assistance in the hunt.
In Collection(s)
The Indian Arts Research Center, in collaboration with Native American community scholars, strives to present accurate collections records. Records may be updated as new information becomes available and is reviewed with the Native American community having cultural affinity to particular items. Please write to iarc@sarsf.org if you have questions or concerns related to the documentation.