Carving, eagle
Date: before 2005
Artist or Maker: Bonnie Lunasee
Dimensions:
Dimensions: 1.3 × 5.1 cm (1/2 × 2 in.)
Weight: 7.94 g (0.28 oz.)
Medium: stone, turquoise
Credit Line: Bequest of Marie Byrne; recieved at the Indian Arts Research Center in 2005.
Place Made:
Zuni Pueblo, McKinley County, New Mexico, Southwest, United States, North America
Object Number: SAR.2005-20-136
Not on view
Tribal Collection Review RemarksJim Enote and Octavius Seowtewa during collection review visit February 16 and 17, 2011 (Events Record “Collection Review: Zuni Tribe, Review 6”): The materials used in this carving are turquoise with matrix and jet. The catalog description states that the bird is perched on a turquoise base. It should be changed to reflect fact that the base is not separate from the bird; it is all one piece. Also, the artist’s last name as it currently appears in the record is spelled incorrectly (Lunsee). It should be changed to the correct spelling, which is Lunasee. The Zuni word for eagle is k’ya-k’ya-li.
Though small carvings such as this, usually depicting an animal, are frequently referred to as “fetishes,” it is important to note that they are not true fetishes. True fetishes are made and used specifically for spiritual or ceremonial purposes and uses. This type of item, however, is made specifically for sale. It is more appropriate to refer to commercially-made figures of this type as “carvings.”
Carvings produced for commercial purposes depict a wide variety of animals, but there are only six animal depictions that can become true fetishes. They are animals that are associated with the six directions, which are each associated with a particular color. The six animals should be carved from a stone that is the color of the associated direction. The six animals and their corresponding directions/colors are: Mountain Lion-North-Yellow; Bear-West-Blue; Badger-South-Red; Wolf-East-White; Eagle-Sky (Up)-Multi-color; Mole or Shrew-Underworld (Below)-Black. Any of these six animal carvings can become a true fetish, IF it is given a spiritual life by certain Zuni religious leaders. These fetishes would be used by Zuni people for protection, and by Zuni hunters, depending on which animal is chosen for the fetish, for assistance in the hunt.
In Collection(s)
The Indian Arts Research Center, in collaboration with Native American community scholars, strives to present accurate collections records. Records may be updated as new information becomes available and is reviewed with the Native American community having cultural affinity to particular items. Please write to iarc@sarsf.org if you have questions or concerns related to the documentation.